惑星大気研究会 (WTK)
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惑星大気研究会 (WTK) は, 惑星大気科学に関するさまざまな話題を議論する場です. 研究会とビデオ会議システムを用いたオンラインセミナーを行っています.
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次回研究会, オンラインセミナー, 関係研究集会予定
オンラインセミナー第 131 回 2026 年 5 月 20 日 (水) 16:30 - 18:00
- Dr. Armin Kleinboehl (NASA/JPL) "Mars Climate Sounder Observations of Regional and Global Dust Storms and Implications for Hydrogen Escape"
Dust storms play a critical role in Martian weather and climate. Dust absorbs solar radiation, which in turn heats the atmosphere. Large regional-scale dust events and in particular global dust events have a profound influence on the structure and the large-scale circulation of the atmosphere. They also allow water vapor to be transported to the middle and upper atmosphere, where it can form hydrogen, which can subsequently escape.
The Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) is a limb-sounding thermal radiometer on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter that has been observing the Martian atmosphere nearly continuously since September 2006. From the measured radiances, vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature, dust and water ice are operationally retrieved, and dust and water ice columns are also derived. Having been operational for over 10 Mars Years, MCS provides a unique perspective on large-scale dust events on Mars and their interannual variability.
In this presentation I will provide a summary of key results related to dust storms on Mars obtained from MCS measurements. These include the identification of three recurring large-scale regional dust storms that occur in the dusty season of every Mars Year as well as the discovery of small regional-scale dust storms in the non-dusty season. MCS has been able to observe two global dust events to date, which provides insights in their initiation and growth as well as their impact on atmospheric temperatures and tides. I will conclude with a discussion of the impact of dust activity on water vapor transport to high altitudes followed by hydrogen escape. Using photochemical modeling, I will show that photolysis of water vapor is the main process of hydrogen production in the middle and upper atmosphere. Modeled hydrogen escape rates show good agreement with available measurements, which demonstrates the importance of this mechanism for improving quantitative estimates of long-term water loss on Mars.
Armin Kleinbohl Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
Dr. Armin Kleinböhl is a Research Scientist at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, with 25 years of experience in atmospheric and planetary science. He is the Principal Investigator of the Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) instrument onboard NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, which has been taking measurements of the Martian surface and atmosphere for nearly 20 years. He is also the Principal Investigator of the JPL MkIV balloon interferometer, which performs composition measurements of Earth’s atmosphere from a stratospheric balloon, and the Participating Scientist in Residence for JAXA’s Akatsuki Venus Climate Orbiter mission, an assignment that takes him to Japan for a few months per year. Dr. Kleinböhl holds a Master’s in Physics from the University of Frankfurt and a PhD in Atmospheric Science from the University of Bremen in Germany. His scientific work focuses on the atmospheric structure and aerosol distribution of Mars and Venus, the composition of Earth’s stratosphere, and measurement approaches for the atmospheres of ice giants and exoplanets. His results were published in over 100 articles in scientific journals.
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